KAN MAMAWH LAND REFORM


Vietnam ramah hian 1975 hnulam khan Land Reform an kalpui a. Mi pakhat tan sq metre 360 zel an pe a. Chhungkaw member an tam deuh leh an nei tam a ni mai.

Chu ram chu kum 20 an enkawl a. An enkawl that leh kum 20 dang atan an renew leh thin. Tumah ram nei zau fal an awm lo a ni.

Khawvela buh thar chhuak hnem ber dawttu an ni a. Kumkhat vawihnih buh an seng a. Vaimim vawikhat an seng bawk. Tun hnaiah kumkhatah vawi thum thar theih buh an ching tan.

Vietnam lama an kalpui dan leh an hlawkpui dan kan sawi a. Vietnam tih dan kha i entawn ang u kan ti a ni lo a, Land reform mumal taka kalpuiin rah tha a chhuah theih thu kan sawina a mai a ni.

India ramah hian tun hma chuan Mi tlemtein ram zau pui pui mai an nei a. An ramah chuan mi tam takin hna an thawk hlawh chhe tete an nei thin a ni.

India ram a lo zalen hnu khan Land reform an han kalpui mai chu, A dan a dang ta kawk kawk mai a ni. Hei hi, Mizoram nen a inlet ling thawk a. Tunah chuan, Mizoram chu mi tlemte kutah ram zau pui pui a awm ta. Lal ban an nih a, VC te kuta khawtlang rorelna a tluk luh khan, hma thlir thui lohna hmalakna a awm nual. Chu chuan, vawiin thleng hian min la nghawng a, chumi zingah chuan ram theh, neih leh LSC thlengin a nghawng ta a ni. VC te ram pek,ram theh leh LSC chungchang pawh thui tak sawi tur a awm anga. Hre zawkten an la sawi, zir zel turah ngai ila. Administrative system inthlakin kan hnam a nghawng dan hi thui tak sawi leh zir tur a awm ang. Kan research scholar te pawhin an la khawih tam lutuk loh (virgin areas) deuhte pawh a nih hmel ka ti. An lo zir fe tawh mai thei bawk a, ka hriat a tlem thin em mai!

Land Ceiling Act an siam a. Mi pakhatin dan phal baka a neih theih chin aia tam a lo neih chuan an chhuh sak zel a. Hmasanga an thlahtute ta an rochun pawh an ta a ni zui thei lo. An ram tura phal zat chin aia tam chu a nei thiang lo a ni.

Hemi chungchanga Maharashtra leh Gujarat in an kalpui dan hi ngaihnawm tak a awm a.  Sawi thui lo mai ila. An dan (Act) hnuaia Tribunal thutlukna chu Judicial court-ah khin theih a ni lo.

 “Ka zinkawng” tih buah khan Ch. Saprawnga khan, Bawrhsap McDonald-a hoa District Conference an neih chungchang kha a ziak a. 1946 khan District Conference an nei a. Chutah chuan, kalkhawmte chu Bawrhsap khan, zawhna pakhat a zawt a. “Mizoram leilung hi tu ta nge?” tiin a zawt a. Chhan dan an hre mai lo a. “Lal ta” emaw, “Sawrkar ta” emaw tia chhang an awm a. Bawrhsap chuan, “A chhunga chengte ta a ni” tiin a chhang zui a.

Mizoram chhunga cheng ni mah ila, “Kan ta” tih tur neilo kan tam ta hle mai. Ram han lei ve duh pawh ni ila, Kan ram enkawl danin a zir lo a. Mi naran tan ram pawh lei mai mai theih a ni lo. A to lutuk! Nghawng thalo tam tak chu chuan a nei ang.

In khaw thenawm ram awl emaw intih te kha han zawt chiang teh u, Mi hausa tute ta emaw a lo ni fur tawh ang. Land Reform kan mamawh tak zet, kan harh a hun a ni.

 He lam

Land Reform tulna leh kan mamawhna hi kan hrethiam phalo nge, tuna kan kal dan diklo tak ang hian vanneih thut kan inbeisei zawk ni ang aw, ka ti thin! Land Reform awm tur hi chuan a man pek erawh angai.

Prime Minister Narasimha Rao kha brahmin a ni a. Ram acre 1200 chuang a nei a. Amaherawhchu, land reform a tuipui em em a. Andra Pradesh CM a  lo nih khan, Land Reform Act chu a passed luih pui a. Amah ngei pawhin, ram acre 1000 a chan a. Landlord hoin Land reform Act chu an duhlo em em a. Indira Gandhi hnenah an hek a. CM atan paih a ni zui ta thung.Amah chuan, “Aman engzah pawh pek ngai se, ka kaltlang pui ang” tiin a lo sawi tawh sa reng a ni.

Mizoramah chuan ram nei zau em em an awm a. Ram nei lo an awm teuh bawk a. Inhmun thlengin a to em em a, rapthlak tham khawpin a to a ni.

Kan ram hian Land Reform kan mamawh tak zet mai. Civil society, Land reform lama hmala tu tal hi awm sela aw.

National Treasure film tawpah khan, FBI Agent Sadusky-a khan, “The Templars and the Freemasons believed that the treasure was too great for any one man to have, not even a king. That’s why they went to such lengths to keep it hidden” tih kha a sawi a. Ka ngaihtuah nawn fo thin. Mi pakhat tan ram zau lutuk neih te hi a tha lo a. Sawrkar tan pawh a him lo a. Tu emaw hausa fal lutuk awmte thleng hian a him lo thei.

Hei hi ka thunawn a ni fo ang,Ram zau lutuk leh hausakna ropui lutuk hi mi pakhat kutah a awm hi a tha ngailo a ni.

2021-AH HIAN

  1. 2021-ah hian khawvel hian engnge a rawn her chhuahpui anga, engtin nge kan awm dawn kan hre lo a.Mihring chuan ruahmanna siam thiang a ni a. Duhthusam neih theih a ni a, tum neih theih a ni.
  2. 2021 hian mumal takin lehkha chhiar i tum ang aw. Lehkha chhiar thatna, hlawkna hi kan sawi thin a. A chhiartute pawhin kan tawng vek tawh ang, mimal tak pawhin sawi tur kan hria. Sim chi a ni lo a. Uar telh telh chi a ni.

Hnam anga dinchhuahnan te, Khawtlang nun siamthatnan te lehkhabu chhiar uar hi thui takin a pawimawh.

  1. Diary ziak theuh ang u. Memory tih changtlunna, tih nghehnan pawh a tha. Chumai a ni lo, a hunlaia kan ngaihtuahna te dahthatnan a tha.

Social mediaah kan opinion dengkhawng tak tak kan dah fo mai hi diary-ah ziak lut daih ila. Kan khawtlang, kan hnam, kan rama thil thleng hi chhinchhiah ila. A tul huna referencre a tan. Public Memory is short tih a ni a. Tuten emaw mipui min bum leh mai thin. News-in a sawi bak a hunlaia kan rilru puthmang hi record a tha.

US President paruka John Qyincy Adams khan kum 77 chhung a diary a ziak a. Tun hnu hian a buin an ti chhuak a. America History pawimawh tak pakhat a ni zui ta a ni. Ronald Reagan-a diary pawh a buin a chhuak. Anne Frank-i dairy pawhin khawvel a nghawng hi.

I diary ziak la, mi chhinchhiah loh, i nun, i chhungte nun, in khawtlang nun, in ram nun kha chhinchhiah teh.

  1. In ‘settle’ ila. Eizawnna nghelnghet nei sa kan awm anga, eizawnna nghelnghet la neilo, neih hun tawh si a awm theih bawk ang. Eizawnna nghelnghet neilo pawn nghet taka engemaw vawn tan kumah hmang ila. Kan vawn ngheh theih hmasak a piang vawn ngheh hi a pawimawh.

Hna hniam deuha lang hmusit tlat chite hi kan awm fo a. Hnam hniam leh sang hi zahawmna a ni lo a. A thawktu rilru leh a thawktu thawhdan a zirte hi a ni a. Bultanna sanga bultan hi chu mi tlemte zawk an ni.

Kan thawh theih ang thawh hmasak hi rahbi hmasa, sang zawk kalna tur ke penna hmasa a ni thin.

  1. Kohhran leh khawtlangah nasa leh zual zawkin tel teh ang u. Mahni tan ngawta nun hman hi hlimna a ni vaklo. Mi dangte tana enna thlenturin kohhran leh khawtlangah inhmang vaklo pawhin thahnem ngai leh zual zawkin i tel ve tawh ang u.

Kan khawtlang hi nuam se kan tih chuan, mi tihah dah loin, kan mawhphurhnaah i ngai ang u.

Lehkha kan zir zawhah, hna kan hmuh vek hnuah kohhranah inhmang chauh ila, khawtlangah te hian tel ve chauh ila.

Mizo hnam hi tu kutah nge a awm ang le!

Tunah phei chuan Mahni eizawnna thulh hi kan sawisel nasa si a. Kan eizawnna a kan hun hman zawhah chauh mi dangte tan leh kohhran leh khawtlang tan kan hun hi pe bawk chauh dawn bawk ila.

Eng hnamah tak chuan chhuak ang i maw..

Hnam hlim lo tak, hnam him lo tak, hnam inkawm ngeih lo tak, hnam mahni hmasial tak kan ni leh zual ngei ang.

Tunah hian kan tha em em lem lo a. Chutianga kan awm chuan, tun ai hian kan thasawt chuang hek lo ang.

Politics te hi mi dang kutah kan dah tlat a, mi dangte siamthatturah kan dah a. A chhunga lutte ring bawk silo, lut tharte ngaisang chuang silo, mahni luhtum bawk siloin kan awm a. Tu tih atan nge ni kan tih thin ni?!

Mi dangte tana hun hmang a, Pathian biakna hun insiam a, kohhrana rawngbawlna a te tangkai tum ila, kan hnaah theih tawp chhuah bawk ila. Hnam tana hun hmang theiin hun hmang bawkin, khawtlang tana tangkai thei tangkai bawk sela…

Hnam duhawm zawk kan nih ka ring e…

THINGSERH THLIRNA TAWI

-Ramlawt Dinpuia

Kum liam ta kha kum ṭha lo leh kum malsawm lo niin kan ngai tak nain, a ṭha zawnga chhinchhiahna tur erawh a awm ve nual a. Mizo hnam anga a ṭha zawnga kum pawimawh a nih theihna tur lian ber pakhat chu hripui leng vanga thil dang tih theih loh kara lehkhabu chhiar leh ziah lama hma kan sawn viau hi niin ka ring. Lehkhabu tlangzarh inkhawm a awm hlei thei lo chungin lehkhabu ṭha tak tak a chhuak nual a. Chu’ng zingah chuan kum tawp dawn te tak taka chhuak, ‘Thingserh, Ram leh Hnam din chhuahna’ F. Vanlalrochana ziah, Fraser Media and Publication-in an chhuah hi a ṭha ber zinga mi a ni ang.

Vawiinah khan ka order a lo thleng ve a, tlai lam aṭanga chhiar ṭanin khup mai mai a lo harsa deuh hlek a, ka chhiar zo thuai. A chhung thu luh chilh hma hauh aṭanga mi hip zar thei lehkhabu hi Mizo ṭawnga chhuak tawh lehkhabu ka chhiar ve phak chin zingah chuan a class ber pawl a nih rih ka ring – ka la chhiar tlem em mai pawh a!

Ram leh Hnam din chhuahna tih a nih ruih avang hian lehkhabu puithu run, chhiar har zet ang kha mitthla lo ula. ‘…khawthlir leh hmathlir min siamsak thei tur chi, tha thar min pe thei tur chi ni mah se inzirtirna lam erawh a ni lo a, “Ti rawh, ti suh” tia infuihna bu a ni lo. A ziaktu hian a chhiartute min fuih fawk fawk lo a, min zilh khur khur lo. Zirlaibu ang maia hlu, zirlaibu anga khawng si lo hi a ni a, rilru sukthlek dik neih theihna tur khawp, ṭang ṭeuha chhiar ngai ni si lo a ni.’ tia duhsakna thuhma ziaktu Lalhruaitluanga Chawngte sawi hian a tichiang.

Lehkhabu chhiar hrim hrim hi a ṭha a, lehkhabu ṭha chhiar phei chu a ṭha leh zual. He Thingserh hi lehkhabu ṭha zinga khung loh theih loh chi a ni a, mi zawng zawngin chhiar thei ila tia duhthusam khum tlak a ni bawk. Kan uar mah mah ti an awm a nih pawhin, keimahah chuan mahni chauha chhiar atan chuan a uiawm ka ti a, duhsak zawngte kawhhmuh leh present chi a ni ka ti.

Famkim lohna khawvelah kan la awm miau avang erawh chuan a famkim bik hauh lo a. Chhut sual palh a awm zeuh zeuh hi, a lehkhabu paper, kawm etc ṭhatzia ngaihtuahin a awm ang lo a, mit a tikham zual! Mi ropui tak tak chanchin a lam chhuah zinga Bobby Kennedy chanchin kim chang deuh zawk a awm ve lo hi ka lo ui. A thusawi ropui chungchang erawh a awm tho a.

Ka vawi khat chhiarnaa min hneh ber lai chu Mizo Sipaite Football Final khelh thu hi a ni a, Mizo hnam hming tiṭha tura kan pute’n ‘Mahni bi tum chhuah loh tur. Tihtluk reng reng tur’ tih thuvawn nei chunga thih ngama football final an khelh chanchin hian hnuk a tiulh thei! Kha khelmual kha Mizo hnam tana indona mual a ni miau a.

Pu H.K Bawihchhuaka chungchang a sawina ‘A Pathian thu awihna chu politics field-ah pu lutin, Politics field-ah a takin a ringtu nihna a tilang a. Biak inah a sawi ṭhin thung.’ tih hi a va han tawk tak. ‘Western values-a kan inchawm nasat poh leh kan hnam chu kan buai zawk.’ tih thu pawh hi ngaihtuah zui ngai tak a ni bawk.

Chutiang chanchin ngaihnawm leh mi cho thei tak tak te, khawvel ram ropuite din chhuah dan ngaihnawm tak tak te, hnam tana inhlan ral mi hmingṭha tak takte chanchin leh kan hnam tana zir tur zirlai, thiam leh ngaihnawm taka sawina lehkhabu hi chhiar a, zir tluk tluk tham a ni.

PUITLINNA TUR KAWNG HNIH

Mizote hi kan hnam a la naupan ang aiin khawvel tukverhah kan dak hmain, kan thlir zau viau a. Kan hnam la naupang tak tih dan kalpui la nei rei lo leh kan khawhmuh zau insual chuan kan hnam nun thui takin a nghawng niin a lang.

Intehnana kan hman hnamte chu kum 900 vel kal tawha in ropui tak tak lo sa thei, chung an insakte chu vawiin thlenga la dingte a la ni hlawm a.

Kan kalpelh tawh sulhnu hi a inthlau lutuk deuh hret a ni.

Mimal emaw, hnam ang emawa puitlinna tur hian kawng zawh tur tam tak kan nei a. Kawng hnih chauh i han sawi teh ang.

  1. Chhuah vah tam: Kan chhuak vak tam lo. Mahni veng sakei kan tam.

Section YMA ah kan inhmang a.Hruaitu kan ni a.Mahni vengah, kohhranah kan inhmang a. Kum tluana veng dangah zan khat pawh riak lo hi kan tam viau ang.Kan ngaihtuahna hian kan veng a pel tam lo thin.

Zin chhuaha mi chi hrang hrang tawn loh chuan hriat belh a tam lo duh ang reng. Mi fing, thluak nel leh fim kan tih reng reng hi. Zin tam emaw, hmun danga hnathawk tam, hna ngai pat nilo, hna nihphung nei hran thawkmi an ni duh fu.

Chutiang mi emaw, inhmanna diverse deuh hlek mi, mi chi hrang interact pui tam emaw an ni fo thin.

Thut hmun atanga khawvel rorel tum hi chu, a khirh mah mah.

Ka pa khan, Kohhran, Kohhran thalai, YMA a inhmang lo pawh Sports associationah tal inhmang rawh se a ti thin. A lo dik khawp mai. Inhmanna neilo, mahni room atanga khawvel thlir thinte an pun hnu hian kan heti zo ta a nih hi.

Mahni veng atanga hnathawh tum, awmna ngaia awma,hmuh ngai hlir hmu, che chhuak loah chuan thanna (growth) hi a awm mawh.

Aizawla mi hausa hlun pawh hi an khua atanga chhuk tawp, Burma rama chumi han phur tihte an ni thin. A awmsa ei tum leh kawng awmsa zawh ngawtah chuan kan kang thei lo.

Changkan tum na leh class ringawt khelhna hian engmah min nih tir thin lo

Khawvela hnam daih rei ho hi en ula…explorers, adventurers, sea fairer etc an nih vek hi. America ram an daidar chhoh dan pawh jedidiah smith…Kit carson etc ten mingo ho daidar loh ram an daidar a…journal an ziak a…lehkhabu an ti chhuak a…an hnung a lo kal leh zel tur tan kawng an siala. Charlie Goodnight-a bawng khalh kawng vanga sumdawnna lo inhawng zaua ram lo thrang ta te, Goodnight-loving trail (texas atanga colorado/denver/wyoming) kawng an sah hawn zawha bawngvulha sumdawnna lo thrangin american economy a chawisan dan etc sawi tur leh chhiar tur, a tam ang.

Ka’n sawi chhan chu, hnam anga kan than a thutna chu mahni inchhung lum kan lawm em mai, experience a zau thei lo a, finna tam tak kan chan bawk.

Kan thawnthu paw’n chhawrthlapui eng hnuaia tlangval lungleng stage a pelh mawh em hi.

2. Lehkha chhiar:

A dang leh chu, lehkha kan chhiar tlem em em a ni

Ngaihdan tlemte kan nei a. Thil tlemte kan hria a. Kan hriat bak hi dikloah kan ngai fo. Kan la hmuh loh chu awm lo, kan la hriat loh chu dikloa ngai hi kan tam. A ni lo nasa si.

Lehkha chhiar tam hi a tha a. Miin lehkha ka chhiar hman lo an tih hian ka awih lo thin. Ka pawm vaklo. Tum chuan a chhiar theih. Thil dang pawh a tih theih vek. Chhiar tam dan hi chu kan chhiar chak dan (reading speed) a zir a ni.

Lehkhabu hi civilization lungphum pawimawh tak a ni a. Lehkhabu chhiar uar hnam hi hnam damrei leh hnam daih rei an ni. Ram ropui hruaitu ropuite hi lehkha ziakmi leh chhiar mi an ni thin. Egypt ram ropui taka siamtu Ptolemy-a khan Alexandria hmunah library ropui tak a siam a. Lehkhabu pawh a lehlin tir teuh a nih kha. Septuagint te thlengin. Vawiinah Bible kan lo neih phahna kawng pawimawh tak a lo ni ta a ni. Julius Ceaser-a pawhin Gaul rama a campaign (indona) chanchinte pawh a ziak a, a ngaihnawm viau nghe nghe.

Hnam puitling leh hnam damkhawchhuak ni turin lehkha i chhiar uar ang u.

“Often I hear people say they do not have time to read. That’s absolute nonsense. In the one year during which I kept that kind of record, I read twenty-five books while waiting for people. In offices, applying for jobs, waiting to see a dentist, waiting in a restaurant for friends, many such places. I read on buses, trains, and planes. If one really wants to learn, one has to decide what is important. Spending an evening on the town? Attending a ball game? Or learning something that can be with you your life long?”-Louis L’Amour

THINGSERH REVIEW -F. Lalzuithanga

Lehkhabu hming: THINGSERH
(Ram leh Hnam Din Chhuahna)

Edition : 1st Edition, 2020

Review-tu: F. Lalzuithanga

Khuh Hawn Nan

Pi Pute ‘Thing Serh’ leh Rochana ‘Thingserh’

‘Thing serh sat’ tih țawngkam hi kan hre fo va; ram leh hnam khawih thil thleng eng emaw a awm changin pawl leh mi malin kan lam ri leh fo țhin a. Pi pute thing serh leh Rochana Thingserh hian eng nge inanna leh inzawmna a neih a, ‘Thingserh’ emaw ‘Thing serh sat’ tih chu eng nge a awmzia chiah tih chu he lehkhabu thuhma lamah a sawi fiahna kan hmu a.
C. Lianthanga ‘Hmanlai Mizo Nun’ bua a ziak dan leh he lehkhabu thuhma lama sawi dan hi a inzul viau mai a.VL Siama leh B.Lalthangliana te, mi dang dang pawhin an ziak nual a. Ral lu lam nia Mual laia Thing phun a nih si chuan, C.Lianthangan tu ma en an phal lo ti mah se an phunna hmun hi a ualau riau mai si a, a sattu chu en phal lo mah se hmuh chu an awl viau lo maw te ka ti mai mai☺☺☺James Dokhuma sawi danin, Thing serh atan hian Thingsia an hmang tlangpui a, a awm loh chuan thingthiang pawh an hmang bawk a ni awm e.
Eng thing pawh lo hmang se, a pawimawh ber chu lal leh ram chhan a, khawtlang tana nun thapa inpe ngam te aiawh (symbol) a nihna hi a ni a. Chu concept tak chu he lehkhabu kawmah hian a kawm duangtu hian a rawn hmang a. 8 symbol emaw mi tam zawkin kan tih tur hi INFINITY symbol a lo ni a. Thing serh conceptual image, a abstract idea taka chu tawp lova inpumpekna, chin nei lova inpumpekna nun kha a nih avangin he Infinity symbol hi thingsia leh thingthiang aiah hman a lo ni ta zawk a.
Ngunthluk taka chhiar chhuah hnua kil hrang hrang hrang aţanga thlirin, Thingserh symbol atana Infinity symbol an hmang daih hi a rilin a pui riauva hriatna ka nei a; a bu chhung leh a thu hawi leh he lehkhabuin min thlenpui a tum ram pawh hi a fiah kuarin zu hre teh tlat a maw le…

Thubelh: Tawkthiala, Tawkhuaisena kha chuan muala an thing serh phun chu kik kerh duh tawk mai lovin a fik hmawk e tih a ni a.
Thing serh sah chin dan hi tun hnu Țiau lui kan hnua kan chin chauh a nih a rinawm bawk… a chhan leh vang erawh ka source hi lehkhabu pakhatah chauh ka la hmuh avangin ka sawi chiang ngam lo thung…

Thlirna:

Ram leh Hnam Hmangaihtute tana Sah Tur
THINGSERH-Ram leh Hnam Din Chhuahna

“Ram leh hnam din chhuahna tur chuan RILRU FIM kan put a, HRIATNA THUK kan neih a. RINAWM leh DIK taka kan awm a ngai” tiin F.Vanlalrochana hian thil pali pawimawh tak tak tar langin chumi lam hawi chuan he a lehkhabu THINGSERH pawh hi a ziak a ni.

Ram leh hnam din chhuahna tur kawngah rilru fim puta thil ngaihtuahna thiam turin hriatna thuk leh ril tak kan neih a ngai a. Chuta tana kawng hnai leh awlsam ber chu lehkhabu țha chhiar a ni. ‘Hriatna hi chakna’ tih thufing awmsa kha belh hlek ta ila, hriatna hi huaisenna a ni tiin. A chhan chu ram leh hnam tana rinawm leh dik taka awma thil ti tur chuan huaisen a ngai a; a hmun leh huna huaisenna dik nei thei tur chuan hriatna dik leh thuk kan neih a ngai bawk.

Chutichuan, Rochanan Ram leh Hnam din chhuahna tura THINGSERH a phun hi, lang thei lama kik kerh kerh duh tawk mai lova fik hmawk hmawk duh tur tan pawh pawngpaw basa ngam a, haw haw leh inhrosa chunga a huhoa va pana sah mai tur chi ni lovin, chhungril lama chakna nei hmasa tura mite buatsaihna leh chutianga ‘chhungril chakna’ kan neih theih nana “Khawthlir leh hmathlir min siamsak thei tur chi, tha thar min pe thei tur chi chu ni mah se inzirtirna lam erawh a ni lo a, ‘Ti rawh, Ti suh’ tia infuihna bu a ni lo…rilru sukthlek dik neih theihna tur khawp, țang țeuhva chhiar ngai ni si lo a ni” he THINGSERH hi!

Pu Hruaitea (Lalhruaitluanga Chawngte) thuhma lama sawi angin, ram leh hnam din chhuahna tura mi ropuite chanchin ziahna bu a ni ngawt lo va; mi ropuite (leh ropuia ngaih lohte thlengin) chanchin ropui tak tak erawh tar lan a ni thung. Phek 227+xv a chhah, cheng 300 man, a kawm hma lam pawh a pawng chi ngata chhut; a paper quality lah Mizoram tualchhung bik offset lamin an la hman ve ngai loh paper uk, zang hui mai, ar awp lai chawi ang deuh a ni a. Mizo țawnga chhuak lehkhabu kan hmuh leh hriat, neih ve phak chinah hetiang anga paper quality țha hmanga chhut hi a la awm lo em aw, tih mai tur a ni a. Tun hnai mai aţanga Publishing House thar kan hmelhriat, kum rei lo te hnua Zoram khawvel la al thei tura beisei leh rin ngam tur FRASER MEDIA & PUBLICATION kut chhuak lehkhabu a ni bawk! (Mizorama chhut-khawl hmasa ber laluttu Zosap Pu Fraser hming chawia phuah a ni awm e).

A ziaktupa lamah peng kawi lawk ang. Ku Rochana hian kumin 2020 bik hian thil thar, mi la tih ngai loh țha fe fe a rawn ti chhuak nual mai a. Trend-setter ni mai awma mawi, a Man of Idea tih tur chi ni hialin ka hre țhin… Pahnih khat chauh sawi ila. Pakhat chu Mizo thu leh hlaa kan la neih loh (Chawngduma Hla Sei te, Taitesena tih C.Lalkhawliana phuah te kha chu a hrana a bua khawr a ni hran lo a) Poetry mal bu khata a khawrpum PATHIAN ZAWNNA tih kha a ni a. A hard-copy a siam hmain E-book hi a hralh hnem fu bawk, Rs. 10 man lai kha nia☺☺ A pahnihna chu, tuna a lehkhabu hi a ni leh a. A bu chhung thu eng pawh lo ni se, a printing leh a paper lam thlengin a țha ber ber kan duh tawhna hunah (sum nei lem lo pawhin) Mizo lehkhabu chhuak tawh zinga a țha thei ang ber tura mi dang tante tana entawn tur a rawn hnut chhiah leh hi ropui tak a ni… a publisher lam hmalakna ni tam zawk mah se, ku Rochana ațanga bul țan a ni hi a ropui lai tak chu a niin ka hria a, heng thil pahnih chauh hi a lehkhabu thlirna karlakah zeh loh theih lohah ka ngai!

Thingserh Bu Chhung:

Duhsakna Thuhma leh Thingserh chungchang sawi fiahna hi mi pahnihin an ziak a. A ziaktupa hian Thuhmahruai leh Lawmthu sawina a hranin a nei ve ve bawk a (he thil hi hmun khata tih mai awm chu ka ti deuh va; mahse, a ziaktupa style a ni mahna). Heng ațanga lang chiang tak chu he lehkhabu hi mi pakhat ziak ni mah se, a bu hlawhtlin nana mi tam tak tha thawh thu hi a ni a. Ziakmite tan puibawmtu țha- proof reading te, layout leh editing te, a kawm duan zawng zawng bakah chhuahsaktu (publisher) pawimawhzia hi sawiin a siak lo. Heng a puibawmtu hrang hrangte tha thawh hi hetianga țha leh mawia chhuak thei tur chuan a pawimawh em em a, Ziaktu dang zawng zawng pawhin an mamawh mihring leh mi hlu an ni e.

Ram leh hnam din chhuahna lam hawi țhiau thuziak 28 laite hi Țhen hrang hrang paliah țhen a ni a.
A țhen khatna hian ram leh hnam din chhuah nana HRUAITU ROPUITE pawimawhzia a rawn thlur a. Mi thiam chungchuang BR Ambedkar te, Italy ram suih khawmtu pawimawh Garibaldi te, India Prime Minister ropui AB Vajpayee leh Nuclear Scientist (a hnua Mipuite President ni ta) ropui Abdul Kalam thil tih ropui tak te; mi dik leh thleibik nei lo General Carriapa te pafa chanchin te, Mizo pa ropui, politician dik leh pamham lo, HK Bawichhuaka te, mi tum tlang leh huaisen taka a ngaihdan tlang taka sawi chhuak ngam sipai hotu George Marshall chanchin te, US ram tana Rose Par kuhmum, vul ve ta hman lo Robert F.Kennedy chanchin ațangin ram leh hnam din chhuah nana hruaitu ropui, hruaitu dik leh huaisen pawimawh dan chiang taka tar lan a ni a.

A țhen hnihnaah RAM SIAM ȚHATNA LEH DIN CHHUAHNA bul chu Sorkar țha neih a nih dan chiang takin, India ram ei bar leh sum leh pai dinhmun a tlakhniam ber laia khai tura sorkar-in hma a lak dan, mi thiam Manmohan Singh-a Finance Minister atana thlan a nih dan te, Indian Economy chhan chhuah leh siam țhatna kawnga khatih laia Sorkar hnalak dan ngaihnawm takin a ziak a. He thuziak pahnih, thu pakhat ziahna ni si pawimawh dan hi a bu ka chhiar chhuah vek hnuah ka hmu thiam ve ta viau mai (ka chhiar lai ni lovin).Mahse, tui hnih duah lo mai ang.
Tuna Super Power ram ni mek te, ram hmasawh tawh First World Country an tih ramten an tun din hmun thleng thei tura ram siam țhat leh din chhuahna kawnga tha an thawh a, bul an lo țan chhoh dan hrang hrang- South Korea te, China te, Japan te, Singapore leh America chanchin ațangin a pawimawh zual lai thur chhuakin ngaihnawm takin rawn tar lang a. Keini tan pawh kan ram leh hnam din chhuahna turin inzirna tur leh entawn tur hrang hrang a rawn chhawp chhuak hnem hle a, a bengvarthlakin a ngaihnawm piahah Entawn mai ni lova mahni inenfiahna tur Darthlalang fiah tak a hung chhuak a ni ber e.

Țhen thumna hi ram leh hnam din chhuah nana THUPUI PAWIMAWH tak tak paruk dah khawmna a ni a. An ram leh hnam tana Daniel Webster te, Vercingetorix leh Crazy Horse te inpekna leh tuarna hrang hrang te; Mizoram din chhuahna leh hmasawnna daltu lian ber EIRUKNA chungchang te, kan ram siam țhat duha politik kheltute khelh danah dawta inbeihna hneawm tak kara Barak Obama leh McCain te, Laldenga leh Ch.Chhunga te ațanga zir tur leh entawn tur kan hmuh ropui tak mai te; politik-ah a ni emaw pawlah a ni emaw thuneihna leh lalna atchilhna lak ațanga fihlim a ngaihzia Rom Dictator Cicinnatus nun ațanga kan hmuh ropui tak mai te; mahni zahawmna humhim tura CEC Sastri beih dan ropui tak mai te, Nelson Rockefeller nun ațangin ram leh hnam din chhuah nana ram leh hnamin a mamawhna zawnah mi thiamte thiamna hai chhuah leh hman țangkai a țul tawhzia te chiang takin kan hmu.

Țhen lina hi ram leh hnam din chhuah nana MIZO HNAM KAIHHNAWIH bik thlurbingna a ni a. Thuziak hrang hrang pasarih- Mizo hnam tana MP pakhat (R.Thanhlira MP, RS leh Dr. Roțhuama MP, LS) te tih theih ropuizia leh tam dan te; Hnam Sipaiten Lunglei an lak dan chanchin Brig.General Lalngura titi ngaihnawm tak te; Kalkhaman Sonai hmuna Mizo Bazar hmasa ber a din dan te; Pu R.Buchhawna leh Lalbuaiate hmalaknaa Mizo High Sikul hmasa ber din a nih dan te; Zosaptharan Mizo hnam hla hmasa ber hmanga MIZO LAWM TEH U tia a lo fuih dan leh vawiin thlenga Identity chungchangah kan nihnaa lawm a pawimawh deuh deuh dan te; Mizo sipai leh Gorkha sipaite football-a final an khelh thu ngaihnawm tak mai te; kum 1947-a Mizo hnam puipaten Mizo hnam kal zel dan tur ngaihtuaha an inhmuh khawm ţuma an thu rolum- MAHNIA RO INREL hi kan hnam hmakhaw ngaitute tan chuan kan damna leh din khaw chhuah nan a țul leh pawimawhzia thu hmanga tlang kawmin, ram leh hnam din chhuahna leh hmasawn nana inhlana inpumpekna thinlung neia THINGSERH sat thei turin a bu kan khup rual rualin min buatsaih ta a ni.

Ram leh hnam chhan nan leh din chhuah nana Thingserh sat (tlak ni) ni thei turin a bu i chhiar chhuah ve hmasak phawt a ngai e.

Ps: A bu chhung khaikhawmna te, a chhunga thu mawi leh ropui deuh deuh thur chhuah chak ka thaisen ngei nguai te, ka mimal thlirna leh hmuh dan hrim hrim hi vawi khat post la siam leh thama sei a ni a, a la zo lo tihna nih chu a review hi😎

Lawng Suam Hmang (Pirate)

      Pirate tih awmzia dik tak hi chu ‘Tuipui khualzin’ tihna a ni tih hre hmasa phawt ang.

      Pirate te hi mihringte’n tuipui sumdawnna kalkawnga hman an chin tan tirh ata lo awm tawh an ni a. Pirate ho chanchin ziaka awm hlui ber nia lang chu  BC Kum zabi 13-na laia tuipuia chetla thin hote’n  Aegean leh  Mediterranean tuipui an tih raltit vek chu a ni awm e. Chanchin ziakna hluiah chuan,  Illyrians leh  Tyrrhenians hote chu pirate tia hriat an ni a, Greek leh roman zingahte pawh pirate hi an awm ve bawk awm e.   Lemnosthliarkar chuan greek ho tha chak tak mai chu hun rei fe dangin  Thracian pirate hotan hmun duhawm tak, kum tam tak chhung chua  ni reng a.   Phoenician hote pawh engemaw chang chuan tuipui an kzin tumin pirate-a han tan zawk zawk chang chu an nei a, mipa naupang leh hmeichhe naupangte an man a, sal atan an hralh leh thin a ni. BC kum zabi pakhatna lai velah te khan,  Anatolia Vaukam velah te chuan pirate hlauhawm tak tak mai an awm thin a,  Roman ho sumdawnna a ti ralmuang lo zo vek a ni.

      Kum BC  75 naa Aegian tuipuia a zin tumin  Julius Caesar pawh kha Cilician pirate ten an man a,  Pharmacusa-a  Dodecanese thliakar-ah an tan tir nghe nghe a ni. A hnuah ceaser hian heng pirate te hi a that leh vek a ni.

      Rom  Senate chuan BC 67 khan pirate ho thenfai kawngah thuneihna pumhlum chu Pompey-a kutah an hlan a,  Pompey hian thla thum chhungin tuipuia hlauhawm chu a thianfai thei a ni.

I                       Kum zabi  3-na lai vel khan Pirate ten Anatolia a khawpui pakhat Olympos an bei a, hei hian thil thar nasa tak a thlen nghe nghe a ni. HMasang lawng suamhmangte zingah chuan  Illyrians ho, khawthlang Balkan peninsula luahtute chu an langsar ber awm e.  Adriatic Sea tuipuia lawng te an suam thin a, Illyrian te hian Roman Republic chungah pawh harsatna an thlen zing hle. BC 68 khan Rom hoin  Illyria an la a, ram bung khatah siamin, hlauhawm an tireh thei hram a ni.

      Kum  258 AD daihtawh khan,  Gothic-Herulic  lawng rualte chuan  Black Sea leh  Sea of Marmara kama khaute chu an lo suasam chiam tawh a. Hemi hnu lawk hian Aegean vaukam pawhin hetianga suasamna hi an tawng ve leh bawk a ni. AD  264 khan  Goth hoin  Galatia leh  Cappadocia an thleng a, Gothic pirate te pawh   Cyprus leh  Crete-ah te pawh an inlar nghe nghe. Hemi tum hian Goth ho hian rosum tam tak an la a, sal tam tak an hawn bawk a ni.

      AD 286  khan Gaul hnam thisen kai  Rom sipai hotu  Carausius, chu  Classis Britannica kaihruai tura ruat a ni a, ani hi  Frank leh Saxon pirate ho,  Armorica vaukam leh  Belgic Gaul vaukam suam thintute tih chimit hna chu a kutah an pe a ni. Rom ho awp  Britannia (Britain)-ah pawh  Saint Patrick chu  Irish pirate ten an man a, an tan tir nghe nghe.

       Hmasang Polynesian ralhratte chuan tuipui leh luipui kam khua te chu an bei thin a. Tuipui chu an hmang thiam em em a, tuipui atang chuan an bei thut a, an insa seng leh thuai thin a -Inbeihnaa che chhe zawka an tan pawhin tuipuiah chuan an insaseng daih thin a ni.

Hun lai hawl atang kum zabi 19-na thleng:

      Hunlai hawl Europe-a pirate zinga hriat hlawh leh thleng thui ber chu   Viking ho an ni awm e. An ni hi Indomi leh suam hmang an ni a, Scandinavia atnag lo chawr chhuakin, kum 783 atanga 1066 chu an hran zual lai a ni a, Hun lai hawl tirlam a Viking Age an tih kha a ni. Tuipui kam leh Europe khawthlang lam khawpuite chu an run a,Seville te pawh AD  844 khan an zu thleng a ni. Vikingho hian   Africa hmar lam leh  Italy vaukam te pawh an run a.  Baltic Sea vaukam an rawk fai leng a,  Europe khawchhak lam luite leh  Black Sea bakah  Persia te pawh an han thleng. Hun lai hawla Europe khawmual pui sawrkar chak tak an van avangin pirate te hi an ngampa hle  a ni.

      Hetih lai hian  Muslim pirate te chu  Mediterranean Tuipuiah an lo vawk lal len ve thung a. Kum zabi  9-na tawp lamah khan, Muslim pirate hmunpui chu  France ram chhim lam vaukamah leh  Italy hmarlam vaukamah te chuan an siam a. Kum 846 khan Muslim te’n  Rome an run a,  Vatican phei chu an ti chhe nasa hle. heng hun lai kum zahnih bawr vel chhung hi chuan muslim pirate te an hrang hle a ni.

       Slavic hoin kum zabi pa 5 na leh pa 6-na inkar a  Balkan peninsula an run hnu khan, kum zabi pasarihna tir lam atang khan Slavic hnamte chu Dalmatia leh Zachlumia inkara Pagania ramah an khawsa thin a. Heng  Slav te hian Illyrian ho chin dan hlui, lawng suam hna chu an rawn ti nung leh a,  Adriatic tuipui chungah phei chuan suam loh a hleih an nei ngai lo. Kum 642  khan Italy chhim lam an run a, Benevento- hmuna Siponte te pawh an rawk fai leng a ni. Adriatic tuipui-ah an han che tak tak chu, chuta kal ngam khualzin pawh an awm ta lo hial a ni.

       “Narentines”, tia sawi an ni thin a,  Venetian Navy te raldo-a an chhuah bo hlan phei chuan, an che nasa leh zual thin a. Adraitic tuipuia  Venetian lawng rual an lo kir leh chiah chuan,  Narentines te hi an han tawmim a, Venice-ah pawh inremna te an ziak a, an hotupa pathian awm ring lo pawhin baptisma changin kristianah a inlet a ni. Kum 834 emaw,  835 emaw zawk zawk khan inremna thuthlung an bawh chhia a,  Neretva lawng suam hmangte hian  Benevento atanga rawn kir leh Venetian sumdawng te chu an lo suam leh chiam mai a,  Venice-in Siapi tha chakna hmanga lawng suam hmangte hrem tura  839 leh  840 vela hma a lak pawha  hlawhchham thak a. A hnu phei chuan,  Venetian te chu an bei nasa leh zual a. Kum 846 phei kha chuan Narentine te hian   Venice an lut thleng nghe nghe a,  Kaorle khawpui an rawk kaw dawk mai. Kum 870 march thla lai hawl vel khan Roman Bishop palai, Constantinople-a kohhran khawmpui hmang lo haw leh chu an lo man  a. Hei vang hian Byzantine Sipaiten an rawn bei ta a, a tawp atawpah chuan kristianah an inpe ta hlawm a ni.

      Kum  872 bawr vel khan Arab hoin Adriatic vaukam an suam a,  Imperial Navy te an tawlh kir phah a. Hei vang hian  Narentine te pawh   Venetian tuipui chungah an rawn inlar leh tan ta a.Kum 887-888 bawr khan italian ho nen buaina an nei chho leh ta a ni.  Narentine pirate ho hi Serbia a an khawsak lai chuan ngiahsan an hlawh hle a,  serbia puiin an sipai tha ber an ni.  Venetian ho pawhin kum zabi 10na leh 11-na inkar khan an theih ang tawk tawkin an lo bei ve a ni.

      AD 937 khan  Irish pirate te chuan  Scot te, Viking te, Pict te, leh  Welsh te lamah tangin  England runnaah an tel ve a, Athelstan chuan an lo um kir thei a ni.

       Baltic Sea-a Slavic hoin  lawng suam an chinna chu  Danish hoin 1168-a rani hmunpui arkonia an lak takah khan a lo tawp ta  a ni. Curonian   te chuan kum zabi 12-na lai khan scandinavia khawthlang lam tuipui kam te chu an suam cham chi a.  Oeselian te  Baltic Sea chhak lam vaukam te chu an suam ve thin bawk a. Kum zabi  13na leh  14-na inkar te khan  pirate te hian  Hanseatic lawng kawng te chu an ti ral ti hle a, tuipui sumdawnna te chu an ti chhe pumhlum tep a ni.  Kum  1440-na vel thleng kha chuan North Sea leh   Baltic Sea vela tupui sumdawnna chu pirate te vangin a ralmuang lo hle a ni.

      H Thomas Milhorn a sawi dan chuan lawng suamhmang zinga  lawng suam chin vanga thiam loh chantir hmasak ber leh khaihlum a, tuipuia chiah a, a hnua hmun lia a taksa tan bun hmasak ber chu  English pa pakhat  William Maurice a ni a, Kum1241khan thiam loh chan tir a ni. Hei hian, khatih laia lal Henry III lawng suam chin hia  duhloh zia a ti lang awm e.

       Ushkuinik te chu  Novgorodian pirate an ni a, kum zabi 14-na lai vel khan Volga leh Kama lui chheh vela khawpuite chu an suam thin a ni.

      Byzantine hunlai daih tawh khan, Greek ho zinga kawlhrawng ber pawl  Maniots te chu  pirate tia hriat an ni a.  Maniots te hian an retheih em avangin pirate nihna chu thil tha loah an ngai lem lo a, an sum lakluna ber a ni zui ta a ni. Maniot pirate te kuttuar nasa ber chu   Ottoman lalram a ni a, hetih rual hian europe ram lawngte chu an suam tho a ni.

      India ram tuipui chheh velah te pirate hlauhawm tak tak hi an awm ve a, an hrang hle thin a ni.

Asia khawchhak lamah:

Kum zabi  13-na lai vel khan Japana awm hmun khuar  Wokou te chu  Asia khawchhka lamah an rawn lang tan a, heng pirate te hian kum zathum vel zet chu heng lai hmun hi an chenchilh a  ni.

       Asia khawchhak lama Pirate lawng rual chak ber chu  mid-Qing dynasty hun laia chinese lawng suam hmangte ta a ni. Pirate lawngte hi kum zabi 18-na tir lama khan an chak leh zual hle. Hun engemaw chen chu chinese pirate te hi an hlauh awm em em mai a, amaherawh chu, kum 1820-na bawra China rama harsatna chi hrang hrang lo thleng avangin pirate te dinhmun hi a tlahniam a, ngai an awh thei tawh lo.

 Europe khawchhak lamah:

      Kum zabi 16 leh 19 inkar khan  Europe-ah pirate republic pakhat a awm a, chu chu Zaporizhian Sich. Phai zawl biru takah a awm a, an pute lak ata tlabo  Ukrainian lo nei mite, dan pawna hnawh chhuah mi chi hrang hrangte, mi tenawm ve hrim hrim te, Turkish indo lawng atanga sal tlan bote an pungkhawm a. A hmun hi a bihruk em avangin bei lettu tur tan pawh rem chang a awm mang lo. Zaporizhian Sich-a khawsa ho  “Cossacks” tia insawi thin te’n an beih ber thin chu Ottoman Empire chhunga mi black sea vaukam hausa tak mai te leh Crimean lalram te a ni. 1615 leh 1625 inkar khan , Zaporozhian Cossacks te chuan  Istanbul chheh vel khaute an han suasam chiam nghe nghe a, Ottoman Sultan pawh a lal in tlanchhiatsan ngaiin a awm ohah a ni. Stenka Razin kaihhruai  Don Cossacks te pawhin persian vaukam te an suam nasa hle bawk.

 Africa hmarah:

Barbary pirate te chu  Africa hmarlam lawng chawlhna  Tunis, Tripoli, Algiers, Salé atangte leh  Morocco a lawng chawlhna atangtein an che thin a, Mediterranean tupui khawthlang lama lawng kal te chu Crusader ho  hun lai atang tawh khan an lo bei thin a, Kum zabi 19-na tira Asia lam kal tuma Africa a kal kual thin lawngte pawh an lo suam thin a ni.  Italy leh Spain-a vaukam khua te leh  Mediterranean ithliarkarte chuvawi tam tak an run a. Italy leh spain vaukam thui takte chu a mi chengte’n an ruahsan kim lek lek tep a ni. Kum 1600 bawr vel khan  Barbary pirate te chu  Atlantic tuifinriat-ah an chetla ve thung a,  Iceland an va thleng hial a ni. Robert Davis -a sawi dan chuan kum zabi 16na leh 19-na  inkar khan  European maktaduai khat atanga maktaduai khat leh a chanve inkar te chu Barbary pirate te hian an man a, sal atan an hralh leh thin a ni. Barbary pirate te hi Muslim an ni a, an zingah hian Kristian muslim-a inlet ta pawh an awm bawk.

 Caribbean lamah:

       Carribean-a Pirate hun ropui tak mai chu kum 1560 vel atanga intanin kum 1720 tir lam thleng kha a awh a ni. Kum 1700 atanga 1730 bawr chho thleng kha pirate te hlawhtlin vanglai ber a ni awm e. Carribean-a pirate tam zawk hi spanish an ni. Spain-in indona hrang hrang a hmachhawn chhoh lai velin carribean hi an pan a, pirate an ni zui ta a ni.  Pirate ho innghana hmun lar deuh deuh te chu Bahamas-a  New Providence, kum  1715 atanga  1725 chhunga siam, Tortuga 1640 vela siam, leh  Port Royal  1655 vela siam. ‘Pirate of the carribean’ kan en chaun heng hmingte hi chu kan hre thin awm e.  Caribbean pirate te zingah chuan Edward Teach,  “Hmuihmulduma” an tih bawk leh  Henry Morgan te chu an lar ber awm e.

Pirate nun chu:

      Tun laia mi tam ber suangtuah dan chuan, hmanlai huan pirate te chu luhlul leh fing, leh zalen tak an ni a. Lawng an suam dawn pawhin an Jolly Roger-flag chu an tar chhuak kher thin anga tarlan an ni. Jolly roger hi european leh american ho puanzar hman thin hming a ni a, pirate te chhinchhiahna langsara  ni. Film leh naupang inawmlemna thil siam tute pawhin an hmang uar hle  a ni.

      A tak takah erawh chuan, Pirate tam tak chu an rethei khawp mai a, bahla ringawt ringte’n an khawsa a; a then erawh chu hausa fe fein an chawr chhuak a, tam tak chu kum naupangte niin an thi

 RO

      Pirate te hian lawng tam tak chu an suam ngei mai a, amaherawhchu, ro lo phum tawk an awm a nih pawhin, a tlem zawk an ni ang. An “Ro” ruk zawk fo chu, chaw te, Tui te, zu te, Ralthuam leh,thawmhnaw te a ni tlangpui. An thil lak dang leh chu inchhung thil ang chi, sahbawn tih ang te, Hmanrua, hruizen leh thir chakai angte a ni fo. A chang chuan an lawng suam te chu an nei zui bawk a, heng hi a then chu an hralh a, a then chu an lawng aia a that zawk avangin an hmang zui bawk a. A thil lak thin tam zawkl hi nakin a la hman tangkai tur aiin tuna an hman mai theih tur a ni tlang pui. Hei vang hian ‘ro’ an phum kher hi a ngai lem lo a ni. Pirate te hian lawnga chuang te hi an that ve fo a, a chang erawh chuan, an lo inpek mai chuan lawnga mite chu an that kher lem lo. Pirate te chuan tumah an zuah dawn lo tih an hriat chuan, lawng danga mite chuan a tawp thlengin an lo bei thin a. Pirate te pawh an buai ve thin hle. Amaherawhchu, lawng chu an pek mai chuan a chhunga mite chu an zuah vek dawn tih an hriat chu an lo bei kher bik lem lo.

FOR DUTY, HONOUR, PEOPLE

(An old article written in 2018)

KEYWORDS: Sacrifice, Insurgents, duty, fight, death,  people, community, society, Family.

ABSTRACT: The police are required to perform numerous jobs with anonymity and mostly in an anonymous manner. They are the backbone of a civilization. A lot of sacrifices have to be made by them to keep the society move forward. One of the most peaceful states in India, Mizoram has endured insurgency periods in the course of its history. MNF insurgency (1966-1986) covered the whole of Mizoram, HPC (1989-1994), HPC D (1994-2018), BNLF (1997-2005) – covered only a specific portion of Mizoram. Largely due to the efforts of Mizoram Police Force, the society endures and returns to normalcy. 56 personnel of Mizoram Police had lost their lives and lots of the policemen suffered horrific physical and mental injuries in the line of duties. The sacrifices they made, their sweats, their bloods and their hard works ensured that the people of Mizoram live in an enduring peace.

Introduction: According to National Police Commission set up by the Government of India in 1977, the followings are the duties and responsibilities of the police:

i) To promote and preserve public order

ii) Investigate crimes

iii) Identify problems and situations that are likely lead to crimes;

iv) Reduce the opportunities for the commission of crimes through preven­tive patrol and other police measures;

v) Aid and cooperate with other relevant agencies in implementing appro­priate measures for prevention of crimes;

vi) Aid individuals who are in danger of physical harm;

vii) Create and maintain a feeling of security in the community;

viii) Facilitate orderly movement of people and vehicles;

ix) Counsel and resolve conflicts and promote amity;

x) Provide other appropriate services and provide relief to people in dis­tress; and

xi) Collect intelligence reports relating to matters affecting public peace and crimes in general including social and economic offences, national integrity and security.

In order to fulfill the duties delineate by the laws and expected by the people, the police personnel have to sacrifice a lot. They are the first line of defense against internal threats. Being in a police force requires sacrifices of their family lives, leisure time and even the ultimate price that is their life.

The supreme sacrifices of the police largely goes unnoticed due to continued indifference on part of the polity, media, society and other established institutions that cannot do without the police, and yet they don’t remember the police as it has been taken for that cops will selflessly continue to serve all institutions despite the non-recognition of the force to meet the expectations of one and all.

Such indifference and the functioning of the police today calls for a closer look at the state of affairs existing with the police force in India. Most unfortunately, the police have not got its due even though it is embedded in every segment of the country. It is a neglected lot and dismissed as corrupt, inefficient and not people-friendly. Such allegations could be partially true but arguably, we have not seen any visible and genuine attempts by the detractors and critics of the police to improve its image. None whatsoever!

This will be an attempt to honour and commemorate the sacrifices made by Police in the line of duty with particular references to the Mizoram Police.

Mizoram:
Mizoram is a mountainous state nestling in the southern tip of the north-east region of India. Covered with verdant forests dominated by thick bamboo groves, teeming with vibrant wildlife, sheer cliffs and breath-taking waterfalls, dotted with unique landmarks of myriad folklores and picturesque villages of houses built on stilts, a land of dramatic seas of morning mists that enfold islands of hills and peaks, this is the land of the Highlanders, or the Mizo.

Standing aloof from the adjacent plains of Assam and the other neighboring states, Mizoram remains an exotic location sharing more than one-third of its boundary with Bangladesh and Myanmar and its capital, Aizawl is still one of the least-frequented cities in India. With a population of 1,091,014 only, it is one of the most sparsely-populated states. Mizoram has a moderate and pleasant climate throughout the year, and is an idyllic land of great natural beauty having rich variety of flora and fauna.

Insurgency

One of the most peaceful states in India, the state of Mizoram experiences Insurgency three times. The First one starts from 1966 and ended in 1986, it affects the whole of Mizoram. Mizo national Front took up arms in 1966 and laid down their arms on 30th June, 1986.

At the conclusion of Mizoram Peace Accord in 1986, Hmar People Convention was immediately started as the Hmar community was unhappy with the terms and conditions of the accord citing that there was nothing in store. For the first three years of its existence, demands were made by non-violent methods, and realizing that its resultant effects were not matching their demands. Hence, the HPC takes up arms on May 16, 1989 and a peace deal was brokered on July 27, 1994 resulting in the creation of SHDC (Sinlung Hills Development Council).

A faction of HPC, who were unhappy with the peace deal brokered in 1994 between the state of Mizoram and the HPC, started HPC (D) continued to engage in arms conflict with the State of Mizoram. A peace treaty was signed on 2018 ending all the insurgent activities in the states of Mizoram.

Besides the above insurgents activities by MNF, HPC, HPC(D), a bru insurgent group known as  BNLF were active from 1997-2015.

The HPC, HPC D and BNLF militant activities covered only a specific region and small parts of Mizoram. The HPC, HPC D, and BNLF demanded an autonomous district.

History of Mizoram Police:

The History of Mizoram Police can be divided into three periods

  1. The British Period (1890-1947): Modern System of policing was introduced to the Mizo’s after the British Government took over the Lushai Hills way back in the year 1890. The first Police Station was established in Aizawl in 1895. The Civilian Police was started on 1899. It was initially manned by 2 Sub inspectors and other ranks of 49 persons.
  2. As a Mizo District in Assam (1947-1972): In 1947, six (6) Police Stations sanctioned at Aizawl, Lunglei, Saiha, Kolasib, Champhai and Tlabung. The First Superintendent of Police was posted in 1960. A small CID Cell was started under the supervision of Dy. SP.
  3. As an independent Police Force (1972- ) Mizoram became union territory on 21.01.1972. Thus, Mizoram Police was born. I.J. Verma was the first IGP of Mizoram. 1st Battalion Mizoram Armed Police established in 1973. In 1986 Mizoram Attained Statehood, re-organization and up-gradation of Mizoram Police was done.  In 1998: Forensic Science Laboratory established. Mizoram Police has its own Police Act 92011), its own manual- Mizoram Police Manual-2005 and Mizoram Police Special Branch Manual.

Sacrifices made by Police personnel

In the course of History of Mizoram Police, 56 Police personnel have laid down their lives in the line of duty. From Constable to IGP, they earned glory with their lives.

Mizoram insurgency starts on 1.3.1966. The first Policeman who lost his life was SI Laldochhunga who was posted at CID (SB) on 25.3.1966, just 24 days after the starts of the insurgency. SI Zoramthara Khawlhring, Constable Hmangaihmawia and Driver C. Lalchuailova were the last ones to lose their lives in the line of duty. It was on March, 2015 while escorting Assurance Committee, Mizoram Legislative assembly; HPC (D) Militants ambushed them near Zokhawthiang Village. These three braves lost their lives in that ambushed.

It can spefically be stated that  56 Policemen lost their lives in the struggle against 4 insurgent groups such as MNF, HPC, HPC (D) and BNLF. Apart from the army’s help during the MNF insurgency period, against all the other insurgent groups such as HPC, HPC (D) and BNLF, the Mizoram Police Force fought alone. 56 of the laid down their lives and several others were injured. As result of the sacrifices made by the members of Mizoram Police Force, 15 President’s Police Medal for gallantry and 41 Police Medal for gallantry had been earned.

The most significant and high profile martyrdom by the Mizoram Police Personnel must have been the death of G.S. Arya, IPS, IGP Mizoram, K. Panchapagesan, IPS and L.B. Sewa, IPS. On 13.1.1975, G.S. Arya along with K. Panchapagesan and L.B. Sewa were having an important meeting in the office chamber of Gs Arya, IGP Mizoram. It was at the height of Insurgency of MNF. MNF militants namely SS Capt. Lalhleia, SS Capt Thangrehlova, SS Capt. Kapkima, SS corp. K. Zoramthanga and SS Pvt. C. Lalhmachhuana, attempt an abduction of the three officers. A fight ensued between the parties which led to the death of the three top officers of Mizoram Police. Their deaths in a way change the course of the insurgency and resulting in the gradual weakening of the MNF militant groups.

15 personnel of Mizoram Police lost their lives during the MNF insurgency and were decorated with 1 President Police medal for gallantry, 3 Police Medal for Gallantry.

During the active period of HPC as an insurgent group, 6 members of Mizoram Police laid down their lives in defense of the life, liberty and property of the people and two of them earned President’s Police Medal for gallantry, posthumously.

At the peak of Naxalite-Maoists insurgency, 2nd IR Mizo Battalion was deployed in Chhattisgarh for counter insurgency Operation from 2006-2008. During their two years deployment in the naxal affected areas, 10 of the personnel of 2nd IR Mizo battalion lost their lives. Since, 20.07.2009, 3rd IR Mizo Battalion has been deployed at Assam for Counter Insurgency Operations, and there has been no casualty in the fight against insurgents in Assam.

8 policemen lost their lives in the struggle against HPC (D) (1994-2018). 7 Police personnel were killed in the fight against BNLF (1997-2005).

I shall mention the incidents leading to the death of L/Nk P.C. Vanlalpeka as it falls  the category of cross-border terrorism. A Myanmar outfit, Chin national Army (CNA) enters the eastern part of Mizoram in the year 1996 and starts activities like extortion, Kidnapping, Murder, etc. A Mizoram Police Counter-insurgency operation team consisting of 12 (twelve) personnel including L/Nk P.C. Vanlalpeka was sent to launch an offensive and preventive operation in areas covering Champhai town and its satellite villages. On 4th August, 1996, an attempt was made by Peka’s team to rescue the hostage in the jungles of Champhai. The hostages were kept inside a hut in the middle of the forest. The police team attempts a rescue mission resulting in the fire fight between Mizoram Police Operation team and the CNA militants. Peka was shot at his forehead around 9:30 PM and died there. 

Some of the personnel of Mizoram police lost their lives in the fight PLA (Manipur Outfit) as well. Besides the loss of life, there are many policemen severely injured not only in the fight against the Insurgents, but during different moments in the day to day life.

The death of these 56 Policemen that were once part of Mizoram Police Force, who were killed in the line of duty, are reminders that police take great risks every day to keep our communities safe and are willing to sacrifice their life for those they serve.

CONCLUSION:

Mizoram mostly being peaceful, the loss of life by the members of Mizoram Police is quite low as compared to Police force in other states of India. That does not mean that, no other sacrifices were made. The loss of life in the line of duty occurs during the period of Insurgencies. But the peace time sacrifices made by the Policemen were not in any way lesser. Their hard work, dedication, and sacrifices made possible peaceful atmosphere of Mizoram as it is today. 

Despite the chronic attitude of many and their skeptical view of the Police, the Mizoram police strive to maintain its duty as the Law requires it and as the people needs and deserved.

The sacrifices of the policemen may not be fully recognized by the people. It may not even be acknowledged even by those who directly benefitted through that sacrifice, the police keep standing on the ground for Duty, Honour and honour alone.

The words of Dr. Andrew L. Tang, trauma medical director for Banner-University Medical Center, rang in my mind while researching the story of the 56 policemen of Mizoram who died on the line of duty and let me quote it for the 56, for the survivors and for those who made sacrifice in the peace time, “In every society there are the givers and takers and those who sacrifice. Communities are built on the shoulders of those who sacrifice”. The Police lend strong shoulders upon which the Mizo society is built.

References:

  1. https://tourism.mizoram.gov.in/cont/1
  2. https://police.mizoram.gov.in/
  3. 47th Raising Day souvenir (2018): Mizoram Police
  4. Lalsangzuala, J. (2010). Mizoram, the Land of Char, Zokhumi b-50 Mission veng.
  5. Chawngkunga, C. (1998). Important documents of Mizoram. Art and Culture Department, Aizawl.

(for Indian Police Journal, December 2018)

KAPHLEIA NI (NOVEMBER NI 13) PUALIN

TLANGVAL KAPHLEIA

“Thihna chu ka hlau lo a, Thlan thim chu ka hlau hek lo, ” titu chu Vawiin ni ang kum 80 kal ta khan, Nung turin a thi a, Chatuan lawmnaah a lut ta.

A thlanlung a pain a phunah chuan, heti hian a inziak a

“Kan fapa neih chhun

Kan thlamuanna ber thin” tiin. Kaphleia chanchin hre chiang apiangin a nu leh pa rilru natdan tur hi a hriatthiam pui anga, Mizo hnamin a chan ropui zia an hriatthiam chuan, Chalchingvunga leh Chuaizovi te tluk bawkin an thinlung a na ang. Kaphleia chu Mizo hnam thlamuanna ber thin pakhat chu a ni si a.

He hnam hi, mawl tak a la nih laiin, Vai ramah lehkha zirin a awm a. Hnam pumpuiin an thlir rawn a nih laiin, Natna tihbaiawm takin a man a. “Mihringte hi engkim duh a, engkim hmu tlak lote kan ni, kan chan chheteah kan lawm mai tur a ni” a la ti cheu thei a ni.

Mahni hlawkna theuh um , kan buai chhoh mep mep laiin, Mahni aia Ram leh hnam dah pawimawh hmasa, Pathian dah hmasa zel tute chuan he ram tana tih tur la ngah em em a inhre chungin ram tha leh zual zawk an lo pan tawh a.

1940 a piangte chu putar an ni tawh. 1940 khan Tlangval pakhat a thi a, Mizo hnam tan channa ropui tak a ni. A hunlaia natna tih baiawm ngawr natnain a tlak buak a, Calcutta lam a a lehkha zirna atanga lo hawin, “Thi turin ka lo haw e” a ti hial a ni.

Chu tlangval ngaihah chuan, Mizo hnam chu a ropui ber a. Ram leh hnam leh Pathian rawngbaawl chu kan tihtur awm chhun ni hialin a hria a ni. “Kan tih leh kan sawi engkm mai hi, Pathian leh kan ram tan ni se” a ti hial a ni.

A huaisen khawp mai, “Thihna lo thleng tur chu ka hlau lo a, thlan thim pawh ka hlau hek lo” a ti hial a.Ram leh hnam tana tihtur nei kuhtul chunga mual a liam tur chu na a ti em em a, “fapa hrin man awmlo” a inti hial a ni.

Mizo Essay hmasa ber, “Thlirtu” a ziak a, Short Story, “Chhingpuii” a ziak baawk a, hla ropui, ” Zoram ka ram” tih te a phuah a, Hla pui hmingthang, “Jerusalem ka in ropui tih hi a leh lin a ni bawk.

Kaphleia kha Government High School. Shillong-ah a kal thin a. Chu chu Khasi Nationalist hoin an din a ni a.1880 khan an din a ni. Hemi hnu reilote hian Kaphleia te sikul dintute tho hian Khasi ho press hmasa ber pawh an din leh a ni. Kaphleia te High School kal kha chu an fel tawh viau a. A diary atanga en pawhin a high School kallai khan a lehkhabu chhiar pawh a puitling tawh hle a ni.

A hnuah Calcutta-ah lehkha a zir leh a. Bengali ho an vanglai a ni ber ang chu, chutih hun lai chu!

Khawvel inlum leh hunlai a ni a, khawvel ram hrang hrangah pawh ram leh hnam hmangaihna kawngah mipuite an thang harh a. Khawvel indopui pahnih inkar cheh hunah an awm a, hun danglam takah chuan Kaphleia chu lehkha zirin a awm a. Hetih lai hian India ramah pawh Gandhi-a kaihhruaina hnuaiah zalenna sualin an vanglai tak an thleng chho a. A lehkha zirna hmun Calcutta chu Indian Nationalist ho kulhpui pakhat a ni a, Indian National Movement-ah period tam zawk chu calcutta hi a hmunpui ber a ni hial awm e. National Movement leader tam berte hi Bengali an lo ni bawk a. Chung hun vang lai, Civil Disobedience Movement velte a lar chhoh laia lehkha zir chu kaphleia kha a ni. Chungte chuan Kaphleia hi nasa takin a nghawng a ni tih a hriatthiam theih awm e.

A lehkha zirna boruak leh a hun tawn te han en hian Nationalist a ni hi a awm viau a ni. Mizo Hnam tana zalenna duhtu a rawn ni a, Vai hoin India ram zalenna an duh ang bawkin, Kaphleia chuan Mizo te zalenna chu a duh a, independent ram kan nih chu a duh ve a ni. Politics rilru chhiain a ti buai lo a, hnam hmangaihna thinlung diktak a pu a. India miah a in ngai ngai reng reng lo a, a ni ngai miau hek lo a!

Kaphleia hun lai khan Mizo leh British Indo atang khan kum 40 bawr emaw chauh a la inher liam a, kha Indona chanchin pawh kha a tel ve ate ngei ka atang pawhin a dawngin a rinawm a. Mizo hnam a ngaihhlut zia te kan sawi tawh a. Chu mizo hnam chu tu thuhnuaiah mah kun lo se, ama kein ding se, tih chu a duhthusam a ni.

A twngtaina pawh hetiang hi a ni
“Aw chung Pathian
Hnam tin khawngaihtu thin;
I fate bawk kan ni
Mi hnuaia kan kun bik phal suh la.
Hnehchhiah leh bumna min dopui la
Kan innghahna thutak ni se;
Kan tih leh kan sawi apiangte
Pathian leh kan ram tan ni se”

“Aw chung Pathian
Mahnia ding turin,
Thudik leh fel zawmin
Chakna, finna min zuk pe la…”

Kaphleia thinlungah chuan Mizo chu hnam (nation) a ni a. Ama kein a ding tur a ni tih hi a ni. Keini pawhin Mizo hnam hi nation a ni a, a tawpkhawka kan nihna tur chu tuma hnuaia kun loh hi a ni, tih hi kan theihnghilh loh angai a, heta tang hian kan identity pawh kan din a tul a ni. Chu chu h khawvela kan dinchhuahna tur pawh a ni ang.

Kum 78 kal ta khan, “Kan dam rei leh reiloh te hi, Kum te, thlate hian a hril ber lo, kan thu leh kan thiltihin a hril ber zawk a ni” ti tu, fapa hrin man awm, Kaphleia chu kum 30 mi chauh niin a thi.

Kaphleia chu a thi tawh a, Kaphleia chu a dam reng ang.

“Ar ang ka vaihna tlang zawng zawng hi

Ka zua Lal hnenah ka hrilh hun chuan

Hmangaih banin min pawm ang;

Engmah reng ka hlau lovang,

Aw, Chatuan lawmna ka chang tawh ang” tia a lo thlir hmun, JERUSALEM a IN ROPUI-ah chuan lawmna leh muanna chang tawhin min lo nghak a ni.

“Aw Lalpa, Kaphleia min pek avangin kan lawm e”

DEPLOYMENT OF FORCES AT THE BORDER AREAS OF MIZORAM

: The Chief Secretary, Shri Pu Lalnunmawia Chuaungo this afternoon had a Press Conference at SAD Conference Hall, MINECO where he had briefed media persons on the outcome of the meeting held with Union Home Secretary Shri Ajay Kumar Bhalla and his Assam counterpart Shri Jishnu Baruah regarding the current border impasse at Lailapur, agreement regarding the deployment of Central Armed Police Forces in the border areas provided by the Union Government and the re-opening of NH-306 which has been blockaded at Lailapur in Assam for the past 12 days.

The Chief Secretary pointed that Mizoram and Assam have a long standing border dispute but due to the recent flare ups along the disputed areas, all highways from Assam into Mizoram have been blockaded for the past 12 days. He said that the Union Government has been making sincere efforts for reopening the highways connecting to Mizoram to the rest of the country while addressing the concerns of both state governments.

He noted that the meeting initiated by the Union Home Secretary today attended by him and his Assam counterpart was fruitful. He said that Mizoram had agreed to redeploy a part of its police forces which are currently deployed near the disputed areas to reassure its residents in the border areas. He said that three companies of BSF which have sent to the State Government by the Central Government will be deployed at the borders areas at Vairengte and Saihapui-V in Kolasib District adjoining Cachar District of Assam and at Thinghlun in Mamit District adjoining Karimganj District of Assam and an equal number of the state police forces from these areas would be redeployed elsewhere. On the part of Assam, he said the Assam Government had agreed to take steps to open all blockades of the highways connecting Mizoram and Assam from today evening itself. He mentioned that 1 Company and 1 Platoon of BSF would be deployed at Vairengte; two Platoons at Saihapui-V and 1 Company at Thinghlun. He also mentioned that for the time being a small section of its police forces would still be present in the areas to reassure the people in the border as agreed by the Union Home Secretary on the graded withdrawal of forces.

Pu Lalnunmawia Chuaungo said that Mizoram was committed to the agreement arrived in the meeting and hoped that Assam Government too would be committed towards getting the highways reopened. He pointed that the bomb explosions in two schools in the disputed areas was deplorable and such acts are acts of vandalism which need to be condemned at all levels. He appealed to people of both states in the border areas work for peace and harmony and return of normalcy in the areas.

The Chief Secretary mentioned that the Government of Mizoram explored alternative routes for transport of essential supplies from other neighbouring states and some headway had been made. He further said that the Chief Minister also contemplated getting supplies from neighboring countries since the 12 days of blockade has caused a big distress to the population.

COURTESY: DIPR, Mizoram

INDIA RAM THUBUAI REM DAN KALPHUNG TI DANGLAMTU

India ram thubuai rem dan (Criminal Justice System) kan tihah hian Khawvel hmun danga an la hman Jury System hi a awm thin a. Tun hnu hian a awm ve ta lo a. Chumi tibotu, nghawng chhuaktu chu, thubuai pakhat a awm a. Chu thubuai chu, vawiin thlenga titia la sawi a ni a. Tawitein, han sawi ve dawn ila.

Nanavati case an ti mai a. A case thawnthu hrim hrim a ngaihnawm a. A kaihhnawih thil dang pawh a ngaihnawm. Chipchiarin sawi lo ila.

A thubuai hming put chhan KM Nanavati hi Naval commander a nia…A nupui bialpa Prem Ahuja thata puh a nia…1959 ah trial hi an nei a.

Prem Ahuja leh sylvia nanavati kha an inngaizawng a…Commander nanavati kha naval assignment in a chhuak zing bawk si

Sylvia Nanavati chuan, a pasal then a…Ahuja neih a duh a…Prem Ahuja chuan, a lo kawp satliah mai mai a lo nih hmela. Sylvia-in. alaka a rilru puthmang ang kha a lo pu ve lem lo niin a lang.

Tumkhat chu commander nanavati lo hawng khan, a nupui chu amah hlat riau (aloof and distant)in a hria a, a ngaitha loin…a zawt ta a…

A nupui chuan thil diktak sawiin, Prem Ahuja nen a, an affiars kha sawi ta a…KM Nannavati hian a service pistolin a va kaphlum ta a ni. A kahhlum hmain, a nupui chu a nei duh angem, an fate pathum chu a fateah a pawm duh angem, tih a zawt a…Prem Ahuja chuan ‘Duhlo’ a lo ti sia..vawi thum a kap a…Chumi hnu chuan, western naval command-ah provost matshall hnenah a va in pe ta a ni. Chutichuan, thubuai chu an ngaihtuah chho ta a.

Hemi trialah hian culpable homicide leh murder chungchangah an in contest chho ta a. Tiang vel chuan a kal chho…Greater bombay session court jury khan 8-1 in section 302 IPc a an puhna chu ‘not guilty’ an ti ta a ni. Hei hi Jury system tih tawpna bul lo intanna chu a ni ta a ni.

302 IPC hmangin KM Nannavati chu thil ti suala puh a ni a. Nannavati te lam erawh chua, “A kaphlum ngei a…Murder erawh a nilo” an ti ve ta tlat a. an ti a nih chu..Section 300 IPC exception 1 leh 4 hian culpable homicide murder. anih loh ‘dan a sawi a
ukil te khan murder. anilo. Culpable homicide not amounting to murder’ a ni e, tiin an tang ta tlat sia. A technical a sin aw.

Session court atangin Bombay hight court ah an kai a. Bombay high court in life sentence a pe a. Bombay Governor chuan high court sentence chu a suspend a. Bombay governor order chu supreme court in a suspend ve leh a.A pui a sin. Chipchiar taka zir tham a ni.

Prem ahuja kha sindhi community a ni a. Sindhi community in 1963 kha ngaihdamna lehkha an ziak a. Governor of Bombay in a ngai dam..Nehru a farnu smt. vijayalaksmi pandit kha chutih laia Governor chu a ni.

Tan in atanga a chhuah hnu hian KM Nannavati hi, a nupui fanaute finin Canada-ah a kal ve zui ta a ni. 2003 khan a thi.